Lactic Acid
A gentle alpha hydroxy acid derived from milk that dissolves dead skin cells and helps the skin hold onto moisture.
Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that occurs naturally in fermented milk and is also produced by your own skin as part of its natural moisturising factor. In skincare, it's considered one of the gentler AHAs because its larger molecular size means it doesn't penetrate as aggressively as glycolic acid, making it a kinder option for those newer to chemical exfoliation.
It works by loosening the bonds between dead cells on the skin's surface, encouraging them to shed more evenly. At the same time, lactic acid is a humectant, meaning it draws water into the upper layers of the skin. This dual action — exfoliation plus hydration support — is what sets it apart from many other AHAs. You'll typically find it at concentrations between 2% and 10% in leave-on products like serums and toners, and at higher strengths in professional treatments.
If your skin looks dull or feels rough, or you're noticing uneven tone, lactic acid is worth considering. It pairs well with hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid and niacinamide. However, avoid using it alongside retinol or other strong exfoliants in the same routine step, as layering actives can overwhelm the skin barrier. Always use a broad-spectrum sunscreen during the day when incorporating any AHA, since exfoliation increases sensitivity to UV.
A few honest caveats: lactic acid won't restructure deep textural concerns or replace professional treatments for persistent pigmentation. If your skin is very reactive or you're managing a condition like eczema or rosacea, start with a low concentration and patch test first. If irritation persists, it's sensible to check in with a dermatologist or skincare professional rather than pushing through.
It works by loosening the bonds between dead cells on the skin's surface, encouraging them to shed more evenly. At the same time, lactic acid is a humectant, meaning it draws water into the upper layers of the skin. This dual action — exfoliation plus hydration support — is what sets it apart from many other AHAs. You'll typically find it at concentrations between 2% and 10% in leave-on products like serums and toners, and at higher strengths in professional treatments.
If your skin looks dull or feels rough, or you're noticing uneven tone, lactic acid is worth considering. It pairs well with hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid and niacinamide. However, avoid using it alongside retinol or other strong exfoliants in the same routine step, as layering actives can overwhelm the skin barrier. Always use a broad-spectrum sunscreen during the day when incorporating any AHA, since exfoliation increases sensitivity to UV.
A few honest caveats: lactic acid won't restructure deep textural concerns or replace professional treatments for persistent pigmentation. If your skin is very reactive or you're managing a condition like eczema or rosacea, start with a low concentration and patch test first. If irritation persists, it's sensible to check in with a dermatologist or skincare professional rather than pushing through.
